1. ʻĀpana LED-uliuli + ʻano phosphor melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ke ʻano phosphor derivative multi-kala

 Hoʻopili ka papa phosphor melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo i kahi hapa okukui polūo ka chip LED e hana i ka photoluminescence, a ʻo kekahi ʻāpana o ke kukui polū mai ka chip LED e hoʻouna ʻia mai ka papa phosphor a hui pū me ke kukui melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo i hoʻopuka ʻia e ka phosphor ma nā wahi like ʻole o ka hakahaka, a ua hui pū ʻia ke kukui ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka uliuli e hana i ke kukui keʻokeʻo; Ma kēia ʻano, ʻo ka waiwai theoretical kiʻekiʻe loa o ka pono hoʻololi phosphor photoluminescence, ʻo ia kekahi o ka pono quantum waho, ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o 75%; a ʻo ka helu unuhi kukui kiʻekiʻe loa mai ka chip hiki ke hiki i kahi 70%, no laila ma ke kumumanaʻo, ʻo ke kukui polū keʻokeʻo ʻO ka pono luminous LED kiʻekiʻe loa ʻaʻole e ʻoi aku ma mua o 340 Lm/W, a ua hiki ka CREE i 303Lm/W i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Inā pololei nā hopena hoʻāʻo, pono e hoʻolauleʻa.

2. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka ʻulaʻula, ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka uliuliLED RGBʻano e komo pū ana me ke ʻano RGBW-LED, a pēlā aku.

 Hoʻohui ʻia nā diode hoʻomālamalama ʻekolu o R-LED (ʻulaʻula) + G-LED (ʻōmaʻomaʻo) + B-LED (polū), a ua hui pololei ʻia nā kala mua ʻekolu o ka ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka polū i ka lewa e hana i ke kukui keʻokeʻo. I mea e hana ai i ke kukui keʻokeʻo kiʻekiʻe ma kēia ʻano, ʻo ka mea mua, ʻo nā LED o nā kala like ʻole, ʻoiai nā LED ʻōmaʻomaʻo, pono e lilo i mau kumu kukui kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka "kukui keʻokeʻo ikehu like" kahi e helu ai ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma kahi o 69%. I kēia manawa, ua kiʻekiʻe loa ka pono o nā LED polū a me ka ʻulaʻula, me nā pono quantum kūloko e ʻoi aku ana ma mua o 90% a me 95%, kēlā me kēia, akā ua mamao loa ka pono quantum kūloko o nā LED ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO kēia hanana o ka pono kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo haʻahaʻa o nā LED GaN i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka hakahaka kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo." ʻO ke kumu nui, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā LED ʻōmaʻomaʻo kā lākou mau mea epitaxial ponoʻī. ʻO nā mea phosphorous arsenic nitride series e loaʻa ana he haʻahaʻa ka pono ma ka spectrum melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea epitaxial ʻulaʻula a polū paha e hana i nā LED ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka haʻahaʻa o ke au, no ka mea, ʻaʻohe pohō hoʻololi phosphor, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pono o ka LED ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma mua o ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻano polū + phosphor. Ua hōʻike ʻia ua hiki aku kona pono o ka mālamalama i 291Lm/W ma lalo o ke kūlana o ke au 1mA. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui ka emi ʻana o ka pono o ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hopena Droop ma lalo o ke au nui. Ke piʻi ka nui o ke au, hāʻule koke ka pono o ke kukui. Ma ke au o 350mA, ʻo ka pono o ke kukui he 108Lm/W. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o 1A, hāʻule ka pono o ke kukui. I 66Lm/W.

No nā phosphine III, ua lilo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ke kukui i ke kāʻei ʻōmaʻomaʻo i mea keakea nui i ka ʻōnaehana mea. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka haku mele ʻana o AlInGaP e hoʻokuʻu i ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma kahi o ka ʻulaʻula, ʻalani a melemele paha—ʻo ke kumu o ka palena lawe lawa ʻole ma muli o ka hakahaka ikehu haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōnaehana mea, kahi e kāpae ai i ka hoʻohuihui radiation kūpono.

No laila, ke ala e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pono o ke kukui o nā LED ʻōmaʻomaʻo: ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi, e aʻo pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena Droop ma lalo o nā kūlana o nā mea epitaxial e kū nei e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono o ke kukui; ma ka lua, e hoʻohana i ka hoʻololi photoluminescence o nā LED polū a me nā phosphors ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻokuʻu i ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke loaʻa i ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo kiʻekiʻe o ka luminous, hiki ke hoʻokō i ka pono luminous kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ke kukui keʻokeʻo o kēia manawa. No ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻaʻole ia he mea kūlohelohe. ʻAʻohe pilikia me ke kukui. ʻO ka hopena kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loaʻa ma kēia ʻano hana he ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 340 Lm/W, akā ʻaʻole ia e ʻoi aku ma mua o 340 Lm/W ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kukui keʻokeʻo; ʻo ke kolu, e hoʻomau i ka noiʻi a loaʻa i kāu mea epitaxial ponoʻī, akā ma kēia ʻano, aia kahi ʻālohilohi o ka manaʻolana ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kukui ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 340 Lm/w, ʻo ke kukui keʻokeʻo i hui pū ʻia e nā kala mua ʻekolu o nā LED ʻulaʻula, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka polū e ʻoi aku paha ma mua o ka palena pono o ka luminous o nā LED keʻokeʻo polū o 340 Lm/W.

3. ʻO ka LED Ultravioletʻāpana + ʻekolu mau phosphor kala mua e hoʻopuka i ka mālamalama 

ʻO ke kīnā nui o nā ʻano ʻelua o nā LED keʻokeʻo i luna nei, ʻo ia ka hoʻolaha like ʻole o ka luminosity a me ke chromaticity. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kukui ultraviolet e ka maka kanaka. No laila, ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ke kukui ultraviolet mai ka chip, ua omo ʻia e nā phosphors kala mua ʻekolu o ka papa encapsulation, hoʻololi ʻia i kukui keʻokeʻo e ka photoluminescence o ka phosphor, a laila hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ka lewa. ʻO kēia kona pōmaikaʻi nui loa, e like me nā kukui fluorescent kuʻuna, ʻaʻohe ona ʻano like ʻole o ke kala. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ka pono luminous theoretical o ka LED kukui keʻokeʻo ʻano chip ultraviolet ma mua o ka waiwai theoretical o ke kukui keʻokeʻo ʻano chip polū, ʻaʻole hoʻi e haʻi i ka waiwai theoretical o ke kukui keʻokeʻo ʻano RGB. Eia naʻe, ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā phosphors ʻekolu-mua kiʻekiʻe kūpono no ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o ke kukui ultraviolet hiki ke loaʻa nā LED kukui keʻokeʻo ultraviolet kokoke a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o nā LED kukui keʻokeʻo ʻelua i luna i kēia pae. ʻO ka kokoke aku i ka LED kukui ultraviolet polū, ʻo ka hiki ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kukui keʻokeʻo LED o ka nalu waena a me ke ʻano nalu pōkole ultraviolet he mea hiki ʻole.